Chronic Lyme Disease: A Working Case Definition
Stricker RB* and Fesler MC
International Lyme & Associated Diseases Society,
Bethesda, MD; Union Square Medical Associates, San
Francisco, CA, USA
*Corresponding author: Raphael B. Stricker, Union
Square Medical Associates, 450 Sutter Street, Suite 1504,
San Francisco, CA 94108, USA
Received: April 07, 2017; Accepted: April 25, 2017;
Published: May 03, 2017
Abstract
Although Lyme disease is the most common tickborne illness in the USA and Eurasia, the pathophysiology and clinical course of chronic Lyme disease (CLD) have not been formally defined. The purpose of this paper is to present a working case definition of CLD based on analysis of more than 700 peerreviewed publications. According to this definition, CLD is a multisystem illness with diverse musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric and/or cardiovascular manifestations that result from ongoing infection with pathogenic members of the Borrelia spirochete complex often associated with other tickborne disease (TBD) pathogens. To qualify for the diagnosis of CLD, patients must have Lymecompatible symptoms and signs that are either consistently or variably present for six or more months. Two subcategories of CLD include untreated chronic Lyme disease (CLD-U) and chronic Lyme disease following a limited course of antibiotic treatment (CLD-T). The symptom patterns and optimal therapy of CLD require further study
http://austinpublishinggroup.com/chronic-diseases/online-first.php
There is some important information in this study which is available as pdf from the link above.
These are some short extracts that I find helpful. Anyone interested though should go to the full pdf to read further details.
Categories of CLD Untreated chronic Lyme disease (CLD-U) Patients whose exposure was not clearly identified and thus have prolonged untreated infection.
Chronic Lyme disease following limited antibiotic treatment (CLD-T) Patients who were diagnosed with Lyme disease and completed a limited course of antibiotic therapy, but whose symptoms persist.
This category differs from “Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome” (PTLDS), a research case definition proposed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) that excludes ongoing TBD infection as the cause of persistent CLD symptoms.
Clinical Judgment Until technological advances provide reliably sensitive and specific diagnostics, some patients will continue to have a diagnosis that remains unclear. Under these circumstances, the value of clinical judgment will remain an important component in treating these individuals. According to the American Medical Association Code of Medical Ethics, the primary responsibilities of clinical medicine are to alleviate patient suffering and prevent disease [155]. As previously described by Johnson et al [149] and Cameron et al [156,157]. patients with CLD are often quite ill, and physicians are charged with finding balanced and effective management strategies for such patients.
Uncertainty about a CLD diagnosis may confound clinical decision making, but clinical uncertainty should not exclude that diagnosis. This process involves both inclusionary and exclusionary criteria. Patient care is dynamic, and clinical judgment requires vigilance in assessing clinical outcomes. As described by Kienle and Kiene, “Clinical judgment is a central element of the medical profession, essential for the performance of the doctor” [158]. Thus given the current absence of a “gold standard” test for Lyme disease, it is essential that healthcare providers should consider this condition if symptoms and/or clinical signs occur in patients with a history consistent with CLD, as summarized in the guidelines of the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS) [5].
Conclusions This is the first study that provides a working case definition of chronic Lyme disease (CLD) and its subcategories. We propose that CLD is the result of persistent, active infection by pathogenic members of the Borrelia spirochete complex often associated with other TBD pathogens.
Thanks to PRweb which first alerted me to this paper
http://www.prweb.com/releases/2017/05/prweb14305710.htm
Interesting comments on this paper can be found :- https://sites.google.com/site/marylandlyme/chronic-lyme-disease/definition-of-chronic-lyme-disease/why-the-definition-paper-is-so-important
